From where do we get the system of 60 minutes to an hour and 60 seconds to a minute?

The Babylonians (who lived in about 1000 BC) used base 60 arithmetic.

Hence their fractions were written in a sexagesimal notation - a fraction based on sixtieths (i.e. with a denominator equal to a power of sixty), as in the divisions of the degree and hour.

We continue to use it for fractions of an hour and also of a degree.